Stay Afloat - 4 key factors to consider when purchasing a wetsuit.

Since the first swimming wetsuits appeared in the mid-1980s, swimmers and triathletes have been met with an ever-growing list of choices—different features, neoprene thicknesses, materials, and price points. With so much on offer, choosing the right wetsuit can feel overwhelming.

But understanding the core principles behind swimming wetsuits—and what they’re designed to do—can make the process much easier. Even though technology and design have evolved, the fundamentals have stayed the same.

That’s why it’s helpful to revisit these basics and break down the key factors to consider when selecting a wetsuit.

The key factors to consider:

1. Buoyancy

Buoyancy is one of the most important factors to think about when buying a wetsuit. Not everyone comes from a swimming background, and many triathletes—especially those who started as runners or cyclists—struggle to maintain an efficient body position in the water. When the legs drop and act like an anchor, everything becomes harder.

Neoprene, the core material in wetsuits, helps counter this. It’s filled with tiny nitrogen bubbles that not only insulate but also add significant buoyancy. This is a huge advantage for anyone who has trouble staying afloat, and it benefits experienced swimmers too.

Manufacturers often highlight different panel placements and varying neoprene thicknesses designed to improve body position. While those features can help, I tend to prefer thicker neoprene overall. More thickness means more lift, less drag, and ultimately a smoother, faster swim.

Keep in mind that international swimming and triathlon federations limit wetsuit thickness to a maximum of 5 mm for racing. Within that boundary, choosing a suit with optimal buoyancy can make a big difference in comfort, efficiency, and confidence in the water.

2. Flexibility

Flexibility is a key factor when choosing a wetsuit for swimming. Three main elements determine how flexible a suit will be: its design, the quality of the neoprene, and the inner lining.

A well-designed wetsuit should have shoulder and underarm panels that allow for a full freestyle stroke without restriction. High-quality neoprene is essential—it should be thin enough to reduce resistance and shoulder fatigue, yet durable enough to handle regular use without tearing. The inner lining of these panels should be ultra-stretchy to enhance mobility, and a soft, flexible collar helps prevent chafing around the neck.

By prioritizing these features, you can choose a wetsuit that moves with your body, feels comfortable in the water, and lets you perform at your best.

3. Wetsuit Warmth

Warmth is an essential factor when choosing a swimming wetsuit. The principle is simple: thicker neoprene equals more warmth. A suit that combines neoprene thicknesses from 1.5 mm to 5 mm in different areas will provide significantly more insulation than one with a maximum thickness of just 3 mm.

Even though swimming wetsuits are made from non-absorbent Smoothskin neoprene, they won’t keep you completely dry. Some water will enter the suit, but your body quickly warms it up during active swimming, creating an insulating layer.

Wetsuits in the 1.5–5 mm range are generally suitable for water temperatures down to 11–12°C. For colder conditions, you’ll also need accessories to protect extremities like your head, hands, and feet. Keeping warmth in mind ensures you choose a suit that keeps you comfortable and allows you to swim efficiently, even in cooler water.

4. Fit

Fit is one of the most important factors when choosing a wetsuit. Even the best wetsuit won’t perform well if it doesn’t fit properly. A suit that’s too large will let in too much water, while one that’s too small can restrict your movement, reducing its effectiveness.

On land, a wetsuit should feel snug but comfortable. Keep in mind that once you enter the water, the neoprene will stretch slightly and feel a little looser.

It’s also helpful to allow a small amount of water to enter the suit, usually through the neck, when entering the water. This lets you make final adjustments so the suit sits snugly where it should. Choosing a wetsuit with the right fit ensures optimal comfort, freedom of movement, and performance in the water.

Don’t let the wide variety of available wetsuits overwhelm you—consider the key points above, make an informed choice, and take your swimming or triathlon experience to the next level.